conversion can be used to tune their properties and applications performances [20].

Furthermore, MXenes exhibits a very high metallic conductivity, which has been measured

at 10,000 S/cm in Ti3C2Tz spin-cast films. The key properties of the MXenes family are

mentioned here.

15.3.2.1 Mechanical Properties

MXene’s mechanical properties are of utmost interest because of the greater bonding be­

tween metal nitrides and metal carbides. A previous modeling study suggested that

parameters related to elasticity be twice as big as MAX systems, including 2D motifs such as

cadmium sulfide [21]. These components exhibit elastic character and which is lower than

graphene and also which possesses the highest bending feature, indicating that they can be

used as composite reinforcing materials. Due to the included capabilities, for composite

applications, MXenes have a good contact ability with polymeric matrix than graphene. The

hydrophilic characteristic of MXene’s titanium-based thin discs intruded with distinct

contact angles. Further research found that when the layer number increased, Young’s

modulus of both MXene nitrides and MXene carbides decreased. Furthermore, as com­

pared to carbide MXenes, nitride-based components have the highest values [22].

Despite the availability of a variety of methodologies for the characterization of bulk

materials, evaluating 2D-dimensional materials and their mechanical properties remains

difficult. The majority of these experimental results are calculated with the na­

noindentation method, which involves applying force to the center point of a 2D material

using an AFM tip. The experimental Young’s modulus of the Ti3C2Tx monolayer was

33,320 GPa, which is slightly higher than the 386 GPa value of Ti3C2O2 but lower than

graphene oxide and MoS2. As a result, fresh experimental discoveries should concentrate

on the synthesis procedure’s development to estimate different functional groups and

defects in the pure components. Perhaps, based on theory and experiments, a thorough

estimation of mechanical traits as well as significant functional groups has yet to be

established.

15.3.2.2 Chemical Properties

Chemical resistivity and toxicity are the most important chemical qualities for bioelectronic

applications. Many factors influence the chemical stability of 2D materials, including en­

vironment, lattice structure, functional groups, doping, bonding states, and defect density.

More crucially, the stability of 2D materials may be controlled by manipulating defect

doping, density, and bonding states, because doping elements and defects are frequently

used as chemically active sites in which deterioration begins. In addition, by controlling

the active spots during synthesis, the chemical stability of the two-dimensional materials

could be improved [23]. External circumstances can also be used to regulate chemical

stability, such as controlling the environment, using alternative substrates, strain en­

gineering, or changing the relative thickness of constituent components [24]. However,

degradation of some unstable two-dimensional materials via an oxidation layer could be

prevented, paving the way for further research in this sector [25].

15.3.2.3 Electronic Properties

Functional groups, stoichiometry, and solid solution formation can all be used to adjust two

of the most important aspects of MXenes: electrical and electric properties. MXene-pressed

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Bioelectronics